Como te ha comentado el amigo Tantdetemps las flechas cruzadas identifican a la HAU ( Hamburg Amerische Uhr) o HAC (Hamburg American Clock) que posteriormente fue absorvida por la Junghans, circa 1927, aunque posteriormente la Junghans usó dicho logotipo en algunos relojes propios para posteriormente pasar a usar en todos el logo caracteristico de la Junghans (la J dentro de una estrella). Tengo un HAU (con las flechas cruzadas) que data de 1927 y me he documentado bien a este respecto. En internet hay mucha info al respecto si buscas "HAU clocks". La mejor documentación la podras encontrar en el foro NAWCC del que te pongo algunos extractos ( en ingles) que podran servirte de ayuda. En el segundo y extenso párrafao habla de fusion de las 3 compañias, HAU, VUF ( la famosa Gustav Becker) y Junghans.
Posteriormente en 1956 la Junghans fue comprada por la Diehl Co.
Los números 110/30 que dices corresponden a los beats por minutos y el 30 al número de dientes de la rueda de escape. El 60 la longitud del pendulo (algunos expertos en HAU discrepan en la forma de medir esta longitud)
Complicada e interesante toda la información relativa a estas compañias relojeras de principio del siglo pasado. Y no dejes de buscar en el foro pues se ha hablado mucho y bien sobre estos relojes.
Que disfrutes
Un saludo
------------------------------------
Per the book by Karl Kochmann, "Clock and Watch Trademark Index", he lists the crossed arrows as initially from Hamburg - Amerikanische, Uhrenfabrik. But, within the year 1927-1928 the merger of HAU with the "GEBRUEDER JUNGHANS A.G." Schranberg. (see page 397). Karl then lists the crossed arrows on page 419 as being used by JUNGHANS, trademark registered 14.01.1927.
--------------------------------------
Junghans and HAC From a 2005 MB posting by Duck:
What happened as far as the use of HAU/HAC names and trademarks after 1930 is this. In May 1927, Junghans, VUF ("Gustav Becker"), and HAU rejoined earlier discussions that led to an "Interessengemeinschaft." The three firms remained formally independent, and did not share sales structures, but agreed to exchange stock, share profits, and exchange information as to rationalization of costs, and so on. This agreement was made retroactive to 1 July 1926.
At this time -- May 1927 -- Erwin Junghans had assured the Landenberger family (in a letter from Junghans to HAU dated 23 May 1927) that the HAU trademark(s) would not disappear. The formal "fusion" of the three -- actually Junghans absorbing the other two -- which was announced by the Schramberg city council 18 September 1930, was made legally retroactive to 1 July 1929.
By 1935, despite his earlier assurances to the Landenberger family, Erwin Junghans was claiming that there was a need to rationalize the Junghans sales structure. And in a letter dated 26 October 1935 to the Directors (PLEASE NOTE that this will all be on the test!) Erwin Junghans stated that it was his view that in the future there should only be one tradename, that that would naturally be the Junghans mark, and that the others should only be used where they might add business. The full original German quote is contained in Lixfeld and Krämer's (1989) exhibition catalogue text, _Hamburg-Amerikanische Uhrenfabrik Schramberg_, whence also stemmeth the above basics and much more.
It is known however that the three marks *were* still being used as late as the outbreak of the war. Adam Mroziuk for instance has reported on this MB an ad showing all three in a 1939 Polish clockmakers' journal. Mun C.W. found a Gustav Becker ad from 1940. And right in front of me now is the first and full-page ad in the 1938 _Deutscher Uhrmacher-Kalender_. It features the three trademarks, that is, no clocks etc. are shown, just the marks, and is even headed "3 MARKEN".
Zep, my observations confirm what you have pointed out regarding the used of the three trademarks, and in the instance of GB right into 1940.
However, the above info intrigues me considerably. My research into GB serial numbers, trademarks, etc, has very well pinned down that a change in numbering system and logo usage occurred in early 1926 for GB clocks made in Freiburg, and that the production in Braunau was stopped. At the Freiburg factory, the "Medaille d'Or" AND the circular GB Logo disappeared at the same time that the consecutive numbering system was dropped (highest number +/- 2,510,000). After that, ONLY the GB Anchor, and in some instances the words "Gustav Becker" were stamped on any clock made with solid plates. The word "SILESIA" continued on open plate movements having solid pinions. A new serial number series was introduced that from presentation inscriptions, catalog info, etc, started at serial number "1" for each of three different types of clocks: 400-Day, Westminster and dual-chime (W'minster & Whittington) mantel, bracket, and hall clocks, and Time/Strike hall clocks. These numbers continued until at least 1932, and may have continued into 1933 but not conclusive.
With regard to the Braunau factory, there is ample evidence that GB production stopped there in early 1926 and the remaining stocks of finished clocks, movements, and materials were moved to Freiburg. I have documented clocks with both Freiburg and Braunau logos and overstamped numbers, etc. to confirm that.
Now . . you point out that evidently the VFU organization continued to function (I presume in Freiburg) with the sales organization intact. However, the 1928 and 1932 catalogs for GB products that I have seen were in fact Junghans catalogs with GB sections, all printed together. This seems to show that separate sales organizations may not have existed from 1928? Also, beginning in 1932, clock movements were introduced that are obviously of Junghans design and having Junghans date stamps, but with GB logos. Almost immediately after that, the high quality Freiburg design solid plate movements "disappeared". I have heard from an undocumented source that the Freiburg factory was closed at the end of 1932 . . is this so?
To speculate a bit, it would appear to me the following possibly happened (refer only to VFU & Junghans):
1926: Agreement in principle reached between VFU and Junghans possibly by end 1st quarter 1926, rationalization started including cessation of use of the circular GB logo and the Medaille d'Or, dropping of several models from production, dropping the old GB serial number system and applying a new one for only three types of movements.
1927: Full "merger" occurred retroactive to 1 July 1926. Less expensive versions of GB clocks appear.
1928: Sales organizations merged, with GB and Junghans producing joint catalogs. No evidence of HAU being included at this point.
1932: Freiburg production wound down and completely stopped by 1933, no more GB Freiburg design movements evident. Junghans design movements replaced GB design starting no later than 1932, then totally replaced by end 1933.
1933 to 1935: Further rationalization with Junghans taking over all production, both GB and HAU logo clocks. The "Three Logos" ads may have first appeared in these years.
1940: All clock production stopped except for specific items made for German military. Last GB logo confirmed so far dated May 1940.
Still a few loose ends with this but the evidence to date strongly supports these events. I'll be pleased to hear where any of this needs to be adjusted if the documentation can be found.
-------------------------------------------------
